Human Rights In Islam Comparative Study -
Prepared by: Hussein Mahmoud Mohammad Al-Shgairat The Islamic religion is the leader for human rights, and balance for justice, and forum for freedom, it is as a beacon for humanity, in which the Mohammedan Letter had come to get the humankind from the darkness to the light. Arabian people after embracing Islam were established the greater civilization which the humankind known through the history extended from China in the east to Andalusia in the west within a short period; then this happened due to stick and bear to the creed (belief) and motto of the monotheism after they were lived in darkness ignorance which ate their strong and weak, and the other Divine Letters (Religions) (Judaism and Christianity) did not achieved what the Islam achieved about the human rights, dignity, sublimity, and maintenance of his life from the birth to the death. The study aimed to identity the human rights, and answering the following questions: 1. Did the Islamic religion include all the aspects of human rights? 2. Did the two religions (Judaism and Christianity) include all the aspects of human rights? 3. Are the positive laws include all the aspects of the humanity, spiritual, and material life? 4. What are the methods of protection of human rights? In which the study defined the human rights, and historical development of the two concepts: Rights and Freedom, and defined the linguistic and terminology identifications, and their evidences in the Divine religions, and in the Holy Quran and Sunna, in which it was cleared that the human rights is connected to its existence, and it is a Divine grant, and a part of his life, and the man shouldn’t neglect or abandon them. The first question was discussed through the debate of the various Quranic verses, and the Prophetic traditions (Hadith), and the life history of the Orthodox Caliphs –may God be pleased with them-, and showed what the Creator -the Great and Almighty- established for the human rights, in general; and his political rights particularly, in which it is showed that the Islam religion is the religion of the comprehensiveness for human rights, and it is the best religion which given and maintained the human rights. The study showed also through the discussion of the second question which related to the human rights in the two religions (Judaism and Christianity) through chapter two, which showed the inability of the two religions according to the comprehensiveness for the human rights, and the difference between them, due to which happened to them of distortion, procrastination, and alteration. The study also answered the third question through debate of Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and the Universal Statement of Human Rights in Islam, The Private International Decree of Civilization and Political Rights, and compared them with human rights in Islam, in which showed the weakness of the positive laws, and its inability to perform human rights, and didn’t maintain these rights, which the evidence of this inability is the bad conditions of people in nowadays, in which the rights were violated, and the strong States imposed its control on the weak States, then the world become as a big jungle, the strong eats the weak; then how many violations of human rights that no one correct, or rectify them, and remained an ink on the paper?! The study answered also the last question through comparing the religions’ situations from human rights, which showed that the reason of loss and waste the human rights is the farness of applyingthe Islamic Law, and separate the religion to policy, therefore it is a must to review the covenants and charters of human rights and re-draft them accordance to Allah’s consent, and accordance to Islamic Law, and applying it as a method and constitution. The study concluded to a group of conclusions and recommendations, as the follows:
Conclusions: 1- The idea of human rights was appeared with the appearance of the divine religions before the distortion and alteration. 2- It shouldn’t to consider that the current Judaism is a Divine religion can achieve the existence, freedom, and justice, because it looks to humankind in various measurements, and distinguishes in treating between the man and women even the simplest rights, and calls of the racialism for the Jewish gender as the Allah’s Chosen People. 3- The current Christianity doesn’t stand a unified situation towards the divine rights of man, and distinguished among the sons of the one society by caste systems, which due to sectarian and ideological conflicts, and excreted a bloody universal wars due to lose and deprivation of human rights, and crown its products by the colonialism the weak States. 4- The universal declarations and the international charters which calls to the principles of human rights, were come accordance to the moods of their legislators due to its farness of the religion, and the evidence of its inability is the annual amendments that happened to them.
Recommendations: 1.Directing studies in more details each one studies a part of human rights in Islam, and compare it with the human rights in the other divine religions, as the human right in life as example. 2. Directing a call to the great scholars in Islam, and the other religions to a constructive dialogue among the three religions around human rights, in a scientific method, under the supervision of human rights organizations in UN.
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